The strategy of Hong Kong government related to
renewable energy
The strategy of Hong Kong government related to renewable energy
Hong Kong government announced " Hong Kong's Climate Action Plan 2050" 《香港氣候行動藍圖2050》to propose the goals and strategies of facing climate change and carbon neutrality. For now on, HKSAR are fighting for to implement the goal of carbon neutrality: net-zero electricity generation, energy saving and green buildings, green transport and waste reduction. In 2021, Hong Kong government announced to set the enterprising strategies and measures on reducing carbon emission to fight for reducing half of the carbon emission capacity level in 2005 before 2035.
The 4 main strategies of Hong Kong's Climate Action Plan 2050 included following goals and measures: net-zero electricity generation, energy saving and green buildings, green transport and waste reduction.
For the aspect of net-zero electricity, Substitute the coal by renewable energy before 2035, increase the percentage of renewable energy in power generation fuel mix up to 7.5-15%, and try out the use of new energy and strengthen co-operation with neighboring regions to achieve the long-term target of net-zero electricity generation before 2050
For the aspect of energy saving, Hong Kong government will be promote green building, increase the energy efficiency and strengthen low carbon living implement to reduce the electricity consumption of commercial and residential buildings on or before 2050
For the aspect of green transport, Hong Kong government will be promote motorization of vehicle and ferry, develop new energy transportation, include suspension of fuel-propelled and hybrid private cars registration, cooperate with bus companies and other stakeholders to develop hydrogen fuel bus and heavy vehicle. Hong Kong government has launched the policies about EV with economic incentive in the past, like $2 billion EV-charging at Home Subsidy Scheme (EHSS) (20億元EV屋苑充電易資助計劃) launched in October,2020 to subsidise installation of EV charging-enabling infrastructure in car parks of existing private residential buildings and estates, extension the first registration tax (FRT) concession period for EVs to March 31, 2024(延長電動車首次登記稅寬減期), and continue allowing enterprises to claim full profits tax deduction for their capital expenditure on procurement of EVs in the first year(容許企業購買電動車的開支於買車首年在計算利得稅時全數扣減). Government can be expand this policies to public like EV charging scheme to public housing estate base on the EHSS just restrict on private housing estate for now on.
For the aspect of waste reduction, Hong Kong government will develop enough adequate waste-to-energy facilities on or before 2035 to reach the goal of carbon neutrality in waste management, to suspend the reliance on landfill
| 項目 | 上半年 (First Half) |
下半年 (Second Half) |
全年總計 (Whole Year) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 燃氣 (Gas) | 2281 | 2898 | 5179 |
| 燃煤及燃油 (Coal & Oil) | 2694 | 2838 | 5532 |
| 可再生能源 (Renewable Energy) | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 總輸出電量 (Total Electricity Sent Out) | 4978 | 5739 | 10717 |
| 燃氣佔全年比例 (%) | — | 48.33% | |
| 燃煤及燃油佔全年比例 (%) | — | 51.62% | |
| 可再生能源佔全年比例 (%) | — | 0.056% | |
| 上半年總輸出佔全年比例 (%) | 45.82% | — | — |
| 下半年總輸出佔全年比例 (%) | — | 50.50% | — |
| 上半年燃煤及燃油比例 (%) | 54.12% | — | — |
| 下半年燃煤及燃油比例 (%) | — | 49.45% | — |
| 上半年可再生能源比例 (%) | 0.060% | — | — |
| 下半年可再生能源比例 (%) | — | 0.052% | — |
This is the Hong Kong fuel-mix generation data in 2021, the renewable total electricity sent out had an increasing trend in generate electric in gas, coal and oil, but there is no change in electric generate by renewable energy. Non-renewable energy (gas, coal and oil) always occupied the larger percentage in fuel-Mix generation in 2021. It can be view that Hong Kong have a reliance on electric generate by coal and oil base on coal and oil have the highest percentage in total electricity sent out of whole year(5532Gwh,51.6%), on the contrary, Hong Kong seldom to utilize renewable energy on electric generation base on renewable energy have the lowest percentage in total electricity sent out of whole year(6Gwh,0.056%). This reflect that Hong Kong still rely on non-renewable energy to generate electric, Hong Kong must utilize renewable energy as the fuel of electric generation substantially, increase the percentage of renewable energy in power generation fuel mix up to meet the target of Hong Kong's Climate Action Plan 2050.
| Year | Town Gas & LPG | Town Gas & LPG (%) | Oil & Coal Products | Oil & Coal Products (%) | Electricity | Electricity (%) | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | 18736 | 32 | 23 | 0 | 38972 | 68 | 57731 |
| 2010 | 19038 | 33 | 13 | 0 | 39344 | 67 | 58395 |
| 2011 | 18977 | 32 | 8 | 0 | 39872 | 68 | 58857 |
| 2012 | 18841 | 31 | 8 | 0 | 41189 | 69 | 60038 |
| 2013 | 18636 | 32 | 7 | 0 | 39941 | 68 | 58584 |
| 2014 | 18683 | 30 | 7 | 0 | 43415 | 70 | 62105 |
| 2015 | 18065 | 30 | 8 | 0 | 42368 | 70 | 60441 |
| 2016 | 18576 | 30 | 10 | 0 | 43120 | 70 | 61706 |
| 2017 | 18338 | 30 | 14 | 0 | 42127 | 70 | 60479 |
| 2018 | 19581 | 32 | 14 | 0 | 41965 | 68 | 61560 |
| 2019 | 18074 | 30 | 15 | 0 | 42937 | 70 | 61026 |
| Year | Town Gas & LPG | Town Gas & LPG (%) | Oil & Coal Products | Oil & Coal Products (%) | Electricity | Electricity (%) | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | 12815 | 11 | 4753 | 4 | 96728 | 85 | 114296 |
| 2010 | 13971 | 12 | 4526 | 4 | 97894 | 84 | 116391 |
| 2011 | 14129 | 12 | 2110 | 2 | 99905 | 86 | 116144 |
| 2012 | 14280 | 12 | 1960 | 2 | 102353 | 86 | 118593 |
| 2013 | 14510 | 12 | 1874 | 2 | 102221 | 86 | 118605 |
| 2014 | 14712 | 12 | 1969 | 2 | 103484 | 86 | 120165 |
| 2015 | 14533 | 12 | 1925 | 2 | 104681 | 86 | 121139 |
| 2016 | 14598 | 12 | 1864 | 2 | 104898 | 86 | 121360 |
| 2017 | 14905 | 12 | 1832 | 2 | 104758 | 86 | 121495 |
| 2018 | 15249 | 12 | 1841 | 1 | 106382 | 86 | 123472 |
| 2019 | 14436 | 12 | 1919 | 2 | 108102 | 87 | 124457 |
Above is the number of newly registered EVs in the year, it shows that the number of newly registered EVs are increasing among each years, from 2474 in 2019 increase near 4 times to 9730 in 2021. This reflect that the policies against to vehicle motorization in economic incentive like $2 billion EV-charging at Home Subsidy Scheme (EHSS) (20億元EV屋苑充電易資助計劃) launched in October,2020, extension the first registration tax (FRT) concession period for EVs to March 31, 2024(延長電動車首次登記稅寬減期), and continue allowing enterprises to claim full profits tax deduction for their capital expenditure on procurement of EVs in the first year(容許企業購買電動車的開支於買車首年在計算利得稅時全數扣減) are beginning effective. It is recommended that government should cooperate with department like Housing Authority to install electric vehicle charging facilities, to encourage utilize EV to public by cooperate with policies.
Above graphic shows that the current waste management practice in Hong Kong. Hong Kong have practice to utilize different method in waste management, include combustion, recycling, mechanical biological treatment, landfill, integrated/mixed facilities etc., among all the method, just 5% waste will utilize landfill as the treatment method, it may be relate to saturation of landfill, not receive residential solid waste, so different waste treatment method must be seek to facing the landfill saturation problem. But combustion still become the main waste treatment method, this shows that low carbon electric generation still not yet become the mainstream, government should get effort on seeking the low carbon electric generation method like solar, wind power, hydrogen etc. or look for the place that is suitable to develop waste-to -energy facility